What Does Ascension Mean In The Bible

The concept of ascension holds a significant place within Christian theology and biblical narrative. Far more than a simple physical departure, the ascension of Jesus Christ represents a pivotal moment of triumph, exaltation, and ongoing intercession that continues to shape the Christian faith and understanding of God's redemptive plan. To delve into what ascension means in the Bible, it's necessary to examine its narrative context, theological implications, historical perspectives, and its continuing relevance for believers today.

The Narrative Context: Jesus' Ascension in the Bible

The ascension of Jesus Christ is primarily documented in the New Testament, particularly in the Gospels and the Book of Acts. Luke's Gospel concludes with a description of Jesus leading his disciples to Bethany, where he blesses them and is "carried up into heaven" (Luke 24:50-51). This event marks the culmination of Jesus' earthly ministry following his resurrection.

The Book of Acts provides a more detailed account, recording that Jesus appeared to his apostles over a period of forty days, "speaking about the kingdom of God" (Acts 1:3). Before his ascension, Jesus instructs them to remain in Jerusalem until they are "clothed with power from on high" (Acts 1:4-8), referring to the coming of the Holy Spirit. Acts 1:9-11 then describes Jesus being taken up into heaven as the apostles watch, a cloud hiding him from their sight. Two angels appear, promising that Jesus will return in the same way he ascended.

These passages are not merely historical records; they carry profound theological weight. The ascension is presented as the visible sign of Jesus' glorification, his return to the Father, and the inauguration of his reign from heaven.

Theological Implications of Ascension

The ascension is laden with theological significance, addressing fundamental aspects of Christ's identity, work, and relationship with humanity. Here are key theological implications:

• Exaltation and Glorification: The ascension marks the culmination of Jesus' humiliation and suffering during his earthly life. Philippians 2:8-11 describes Jesus' obedience to death on a cross, followed by God's exaltation of him to the highest place, giving him the name that is above every name. The ascension is the visible manifestation of this exaltation, affirming Jesus' divine status and authority.
• Inauguration of Christ's Heavenly Reign: The ascension signals the beginning of Christ's reign as King from heaven. Ephesians 1:20-23 speaks of God seating Christ at his right hand in the heavenly realms, far above all rule and authority, and appointing him as head over everything for the church. The ascension is not an abandonment of the world but the assumption of universal dominion.
• Priesthood and Intercession: Hebrews 4:14-16 speaks of Jesus as the great high priest who has ascended into heaven, able to sympathize with our weaknesses. The ascension allows Jesus to continually intercede for believers before the Father (Romans 8:34). This ongoing ministry of intercession is a source of comfort and assurance for Christians, knowing that they have an advocate in heaven.
• Preparation of a Place for Believers: Jesus tells his disciples in John 14:2-3, "I am going there to prepare a place for you...that you also may be where I am." The ascension is linked to Jesus' promise to prepare a heavenly home for believers. This promise underscores the hope of eternal life and fellowship with God for those who follow Christ.
• Sending of the Holy Spirit: The ascension is directly connected to the promise and sending of the Holy Spirit. In John 16:7, Jesus says, "Unless I go away, the Advocate will not come to you; but if I go, I will send him to you." The ascension is the necessary condition for the Spirit's descent, empowering believers to continue Christ's mission on earth.
• Hope of Future Return: The angels' message in Acts 1:11, stating that Jesus will return in the same way he ascended, underscores the Christian hope of Christ's second coming. The ascension is not the end of the story but a promise of future consummation when Christ will return to judge the living and the dead and establish his eternal kingdom.

Historical Perspectives on Ascension

Throughout Christian history, the meaning and significance of the ascension have been interpreted and emphasized in various ways. Here are some key historical perspectives:

• Early Church Fathers: The early Church Fathers, such as Augustine and Chrysostom, emphasized the ascension as a crucial component of Christ's victory over sin and death. They saw it as a demonstration of his divine power and a source of hope for believers' own future resurrection and glorification.
• Medieval Theology: Medieval theologians, like Thomas Aquinas, further developed the doctrine of the ascension, integrating it into a comprehensive understanding of Christ's person and work. They emphasized the ascension as the completion of Christ's redemptive mission and the beginning of his heavenly reign.
• Reformation Era: During the Reformation, theologians such as Martin Luther and John Calvin affirmed the traditional understanding of the ascension while also emphasizing its practical implications for believers. They saw the ascension as a reminder that Christians are seated with Christ in the heavenly realms, sharing in his victory and authority.
• Modern Theology: Modern theologians have explored the ascension from various perspectives, including its implications for social justice, ecological stewardship, and interfaith dialogue. Some have emphasized the ascension as a call to embody Christ's reign in the present world, working for justice and peace.

Contemporary Relevance of Ascension

The ascension of Jesus Christ remains a relevant and transformative truth for Christians today. Here are several ways in which the ascension continues to shape Christian faith and practice:

• Source of Hope: The ascension provides a foundation for hope amidst the challenges and uncertainties of life. Knowing that Christ reigns from heaven, interceding for believers, and preparing a place for them offers comfort and assurance in the face of suffering, loss, and persecution.
• Motivation for Mission: The ascension empowers believers to participate in Christ's mission on earth. As Christ's representatives, Christians are called to proclaim the gospel, make disciples, and work for justice and peace in the world. The ascension reminds believers that they are not alone in this mission but are empowered by the Holy Spirit.
• Call to Heavenly-Mindedness: The ascension encourages believers to set their minds on things above, not on earthly things (Colossians 3:1-4). This does not mean neglecting earthly responsibilities but rather living with an eternal perspective, prioritizing God's kingdom, and seeking to honor Christ in all aspects of life.
• Basis for Unity: The ascension unites believers with Christ and with one another. As members of Christ's body, Christians share in his victory, his authority, and his mission. The ascension calls believers to transcend divisions and work together for the common good, reflecting the unity of the Godhead.
• Inspiration for Worship: The ascension inspires worship and adoration of Christ. As believers contemplate Christ's glory, his reign, and his intercession, they are moved to offer him praise, thanksgiving, and obedience. The ascension reminds believers that worship is not confined to earthly settings but extends to the heavenly realms, where Christ is enthroned.

Addressing Common Questions About Ascension

• Q: Is the ascension a literal, physical event?

  • A: The Bible describes the ascension as a visible, bodily departure of Jesus into heaven. While some interpretations emphasize the symbolic or spiritual aspects of the event, the traditional Christian view affirms its historical reality. The physical ascension underscores the completeness of Christ's victory over death and his exaltation to the right hand of God.

• Q: How does the ascension relate to the second coming?

  • A: The ascension is inextricably linked to the second coming. The angels' promise in Acts 1:11 assures believers that Jesus will return in the same way he ascended. The ascension is thus a promise of future consummation when Christ will return to judge the living and the dead and establish his eternal kingdom.

• Q: What is the significance of Christ sitting at the right hand of God?

  • A: The phrase "sitting at the right hand of God" is a symbolic expression of Christ's authority, power, and honor. It signifies that Christ shares in God's dominion and exercises his reign from heaven. This position of authority enables Christ to intercede for believers, govern the church, and ultimately fulfill God's redemptive plan.

• Q: How does the ascension affect my daily life?

  • A: The ascension can affect your daily life in numerous ways. It can provide hope amidst challenges, motivate you to participate in Christ's mission, encourage you to set your mind on heavenly things, unite you with other believers, and inspire you to worship Christ. By reflecting on the ascension, you can live with an awareness of Christ's presence, power, and purpose in your life.

• Q: What about people who have never heard about the ascension?

  • A: The Bible teaches that God desires all people to be saved and come to a knowledge of the truth (1 Timothy 2:4). While the fate of those who have never heard about Christ is ultimately in God's hands, Christians are called to share the gospel with all nations, ensuring that everyone has the opportunity to hear about Christ's life, death, resurrection, and ascension.

Conclusion

The ascension of Jesus Christ is a cornerstone of Christian belief, encompassing themes of triumph, exaltation, intercession, and hope. Rooted in the biblical narrative and rich with theological significance, the ascension provides a lens through which Christians understand Christ's identity, his ongoing work, and his ultimate return. Throughout history, theologians and believers have found in the ascension a source of inspiration, motivation, and assurance. In contemporary times, the ascension continues to shape Christian faith and practice, empowering believers to live with purpose, hope, and a heavenly perspective. It stands as a testament to God's redemptive plan and the promise of eternal life for all who believe.

How might the understanding of Jesus' ascension transform your perspective on life, mission, and hope?